Early detection is the key to preventing kidney diseases. Although higher segments of the population are becoming highly aware of their health, the awareness around kidney diseases is relatively low. However, its prevalence is increasing globally and has now emerged as the seventh leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. Owing to other factors such as demographic trends, obesity and other lifestyle factors increase the likeliness of kidney disease further. According to recent stats, approximately 2 lakh new patients in India develop End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) every year which requires regular dialysis as a critical line of treatment for their survival.

Dialysis has become a common treatment across medical and healthcare centres but its accessibility showcases a significant challenge due to inadequate infrastructure, financial constraints and geographical barriers. Most centres that provide dialysis are located in metropolitan cities and public hospitals offering this treatment are usually overcrowded which puts strain on the healthcare system. To address this challenge, home dialysis enabled patients to receive treatment in a familiar and controlled environment.

Commenting on the pivotal role of home dialysis, Dr.Aswini Kumar Panigrahi, Sr.Consultant, Nephrology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad said, “This model not only improves patient outcomes by reducing hospital-acquired infections and enhancing comfort but also alleviates pressure on existing healthcare facilities. By integrating technology and expanding reach, home dialysis has the potential to redefine kidney care in India, making it more accessible and efficient.”

Enhancing accessibility and well-being of patients

One of the primary benefits of home dialysis is improved quality of care as it provides dedicated attention to patients from assigned healthcare providers, significantly, enhancing patient care and overall treatment outcomes. This personalized approach ensures better adherence to treatment protocols for better clinical outcomes.

“The model bridges the burgeoning gap in the accessibility of dialysis for kidney care. It approach simplifies the accessibility criteria and helps patients in obtaining enhanced treatment within their comfort and budget,” Dr. Aswini added.

Since dialysis is performed in a home environment, patients are less exposed to infections which are highly common in hospital settings, reducing the chances of complications. Another advantage of homecare is comfort and flexibility which directly adds a layer of convenience, minimizes the stress of frequent hospital visits and makes the treatment more manageable, especially for the elderly or those with mobility challenges.

Strengthening healthcare infrastructure

Home dialysis can act as an additional care delivery model. It reduces the burden on existing hospitals and dialysis centres as most of them have very tight appointment schedules. In tandem, the home dialysis model can bring medical services to remote locations where such centres are not available, increasing the penetration across underserved areas. 

“Home dialysis brings a significant shift to the healthcare delivery system considering its accessibility, affordability and scalability. The providers can further collaborate with government bodies to design dedicated programs and provide subsidised dialysis for patients who are unable to access the treatment due to affordability factors,” Dr. Aswini added.           

Apart from this, the home dialysis model integrates telemedicine and AI which allows healthcare professionals to monitor and track patient’s progress remotely and intervene promptly when necessary. Moreover, shifting stable and low-risk patients to home-based care can help medical facilities allocate their manpower and infrastructure to high-risk cases and optimize overall healthcare.

Bottom Line

Home dialysis exhibits a paradigm shift in kidney disease management, offering substantial benefits to both patients and the healthcare ecosystem. With improved access and increased comfort, this model continues to pave the way for a more efficient and patient-centric approach to care. 

Author: Dr.Aswini Kumar Panigrahi, Sr.Consultant, Nephrology, Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad 

Introduction

World Glaucoma Day, observed on March 12th, is part of World Glaucoma Week, running from March 9th to 15th in 2025. This year's theme, "Uniting for a Glaucoma-Free World," highlights global efforts to combat vision loss caused by glaucoma. As a leading cause of preventable blindness, glaucoma affects approximately 80 million people worldwide. However, projections indicate that this number could reach 111.8 million by 2040, underscoring the urgent need for action. This article explores advancements in glaucoma treatment, commercial initiatives, and government programs aimed at improving awareness and outcomes.

Signs and Symptoms of Glaucoma

Glaucoma is often asymptomatic in its early stages, earning it the name "the silent thief of sight." Symptoms vary by type:

• Open-Angle Glaucoma: Gradual peripheral vision loss, progressing to tunnel vision in advanced stages.
• Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Severe eye pain, blurred vision, halos around lights, redness, nausea, and vomiting.
• Congenital Glaucoma: Cloudy cornea, excessive tearing, light sensitivity, and eye enlargement.
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Diagnostic Tools

A comprehensive approach to glaucoma diagnosis includes:

• Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Measurement: Applanation tonometry, with pachymetry or OCT for corneal thickness adjustment.
• Optic Nerve & Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) Assessment: OCT scans detect structural changes.
• Visual Field Testing: Computerized exams identify peripheral vision loss.
• Gonioscopy: Determines open-angle or closed-angle glaucoma for treatment planning.
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Current Treatment Landscape

Glaucoma management focuses on reducing IOP to slow disease progression:

• Topical Medications: Prostaglandin analogs (latanoprost, travoprost), beta-blockers, alpha-adrenergic agonists, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
• Laser Therapy: Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) enhances fluid drainage; Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI) prevents angle closure.
• Surgical Interventions: Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS) offers safer, faster-recovery options, while trabeculectomy is reserved for severe cases.
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Recent Advancements in Treatment

Innovative research is transforming glaucoma management:

• Gene Therapy: Investigating genetic modifications to protect and regenerate retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
• Stem Cell Therapy: Potential for optic nerve regeneration to reverse vision loss.
• Neuroprotective Agents: Citicoline and Coenzyme Q10 show promise in slowing disease progression.
• Rho Kinase Inhibitors: New class of drugs enhancing aqueous outflow while offering neuroprotection.
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• Drug Delivery Systems:
  • iDose® TR Implant: FDA-approved for sustained drug release over three years.
  • Biannual Injections: Hydrogel-based drug delivery (Georgia Tech research) enables long-term IOP control.
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Technological Innovations

Cutting-edge technology is reshaping glaucoma care:

• Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI-driven OCT image analysis aids early detection and personalized treatment planning.
• Wearable & Smart Technologies: Smart contact lenses monitor real-time IOP fluctuations.
• Personalized Medicine: Genetic profiling enables targeted therapy based on individual risk factors.
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Industry & Commercial Initiatives

Pharmaceutical and medical device companies are key players in advancing glaucoma treatment:

• Pharmaceutical Leaders: Novartis, AbbVie (Allergan), and Santen drive innovation in medications and drug delivery systems.
• Medical Device Manufacturers: Glaukos, Ivantis, and Alcon lead in developing MIGS devices and diagnostic tools.
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• Public Awareness Campaigns:
  • Bausch + Lomb: “Faces of Glaucoma” raises awareness through patient stories.
  • Santen: Engages in World Glaucoma Week initiatives.
  • Entod Pharmaceuticals: Runs #GetTestedForGlaucoma in India.
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Government Initiatives

Government support plays a vital role in glaucoma prevention:

• National Eye Institute (NEI): Funds glaucoma research and public education.
• Public Health Campaigns: Nationwide efforts to promote regular eye screenings.
• Research Funding: Grants support innovation in diagnostics and therapies.
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Conclusion

World Glaucoma Day 2025 underscores the importance of early detection, advanced treatments, and global collaboration in preventing blindness. With cutting-edge research, industry advancements, and government initiatives, the fight against glaucoma is gaining momentum. A glaucoma-free world is achievable through awareness, innovation, and united efforts.

Genetic disorders are illnesses that result from alterations in a person’s DNA. These changes can be due to mutations in one or more genes or even chromosome defects. Some of the genetic disorders include, but are not limited to, Down's syndrome, sickle cell anemia, Sturge-Weber Syndrome, Laughing Syndrome, Barret’s Syndrome, Joubert Syndrome, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, and many others. These genetic disorders can affect almost every organ of the body depending on the genes involved in those organs, the developmental problems, or the genetic diseases represented. These genetic disorders can be passed on from one parent to the child or they can occur on their own. In almost all genetic diseases, some changes occur in the way cells or tissues function and their development, ranging from morphology and physiology to metabolism, all of which lower one’s quality of life significantly.

Conventional Approach to Genetic Diseases -

Genetic diseases have always been viewed as incurable and hence the focus has been on dealing with the symptoms. The traditional way had been to use medications, physical therapy, and modify one’s lifestyle to deal with the problem. For example, medication can assist in controlling the signs and symptoms of genetic diseases like ataxia, Friedrich’s ataxia, balancing, sickle cell anemia, G6PD deficiency, Suxamethonium in patients with colestre’s deficiency, Antisense Nucleotide Therapies in genetic diseases and hence, fully relying on these medications for life long is required.

Pills to cells offer a promising alternative, as cell-based therapies aim to address the root cause of genetic diseases rather than just the symptoms. When a pill doesn’t respond we advocate cells to replace them as a promising alternative. Unlike traditional medication, these advanced treatments involve modifying or replacing affected cells, which can potentially restore normal function or significantly slow disease progression. Pills have serious disadvantages. They often do not slow the progression of the disease or make the body's functions normal again. Moreover, certain medications may have adverse effects that negatively impact a patient’s quality of life. For example, the use of hydroxyurea for sickle cell anemia may decrease the episodes of painful crises, but the genetic alteration cannot be changed. Another instance is related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) which is an X-linked disease and is characterized by progressive loss of muscle strength because it lacks dystrophin, facilitating the loss of independent movement and life-threatening conditions such as heart failure. A person with Down syndrome due to a duplication of the 21st chromosome (Trisomy) maintains a particular set of deficits that is responsible for delay in brain development and deformities in physical development like Wide Eye Canthus, and Nose-shaped High Arched Palate.

The Role of Stem Cells in Treating Genetic Diseases-

StemRx emerging regenerative therapies, particularly stem cell treatments, are revolutionizing the management of genetic diseases by targeting the root cause rather than merely addressing symptoms. Unlike conventional treatments, pills to cells offer a paradigm shift by focusing on cellular-level interventions that directly address the underlying defects. Stem cells have the potential to address the root causes of genetic diseases by replacing or repairing defective cells. Stem cells, which can differentiate into any cell type, hold immense potential for repairing damaged tissues.

In sickle cell anemia, for example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants have successfully replaced defective blood cells with healthy ones, leading to long-term remission in some cases. While traditional medications provide symptomatic relief, they fail to correct the genetic mutation, which is where cells prove more effective than pills. Gene editing technologies, like CRISPR-Cas9, combined with stem cells, show promise in correcting mutations in diseases like DMD, potentially restoring dystrophin production and halting muscle degeneration. In such cases, stem cells can directly address the genetic defect, unlike pills, which can only manage symptoms temporarily. Similarly, in Down syndrome, research into neural stem cells aims to mitigate cognitive deficits. While pills may provide temporary improvements in managing associated health issues, cells can potentially regenerate damaged neural tissues, offering a deeper and more lasting solution. For GBS, stem cells are being explored to repair nerve damage and regulate immune responses, offering a chance for full recovery. The ability of stem cells to rebuild and repair damaged nerve tissues demonstrates how cellular therapies outperform the limitations of traditional pills.

Stem cell therapies mark a shift from symptomatic relief to curative potential. They address the genetic and cellular roots of diseases, offering lasting solutions. The transition from pills to cells signifies a new era in medicine, where treatments are no longer confined to symptom management but focus on disease eradication. While traditional medicine provides temporary relief for genetic diseases, it falls short of delivering a cure. Stem cell therapy represents a revolutionary approach with the potential to transform how we treat these conditions. By addressing the genetic root of the problem, stem cells offer hope for a future where genetic diseases can be effectively managed or even eradicated. Stem cell therapy along with energy medicine, peptides, and mitochondrial function brings renewed optimism to millions affected by genetic disorders worldwide.

Each year on World Cancer Day, we reflect on the global impact of cancer, the advancements in treatment, and the unwavering support of family and caregivers. At SUT Hospital, we understand that cancer is not just a medical condition—it affects every aspect of a patient’s life, from their emotional well-being to their physical strength. This day serves as a reminder of the progress we've made and reinforces the importance of standing together in the fight against cancer.

 Advancements in Cancer Treatment: A New Era of Hope

Over the past decade, cancer care has witnessed groundbreaking progress. Targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and personalized medicine have transformed treatment approaches, offering patients new hope with fewer side effects. These innovations not only improve survival rates but also enhance the quality of life for those undergoing treatment.

Early detection has also been a game-changer in cancer care. Advanced screening methods now allow for the identification of cancers at earlier, more treatable stages, significantly increasing the chances of recovery. Personalized medicine is revolutionizing treatment by tailoring therapies to an individual’s unique genetic makeup, ensuring greater efficacy and fewer risks.

The Silent Pillars of Strength: Family and Caregivers in Cancer Care

While medical advancements play a crucial role, the emotional and physical support provided by family members and caregivers is just as vital. The journey through cancer is filled with uncertainty, fear, and physical challenges, and caregivers serve as anchors of stability and strength during this difficult time.

 Emotional Support: A Shoulder to Lean On

Cancer can be emotionally overwhelming, not just for the patient but for their entire support system. During such times, a simple act of kindness—a listening ear, a reassuring presence, or a gentle hand to hold—can make a world of difference. Caregivers become a source of encouragement, offering comfort and motivation when hope seems distant.

 Managing the Journey: Practical and Logistical Support

Beyond emotional support, caregivers play a crucial role in managing medical appointments, coordinating treatments, ensuring medications are taken on time, and assisting with daily activities. They often serve as the bridge between healthcare teams and patients, ensuring that treatment plans are followed and that medical decisions are well-informed.

Caregivers do not just offer physical assistance—they provide mental and emotional resilience, helping patients navigate the unpredictable journey of cancer with courage and determination.

 Recognizing the Caregiver’s Role

Caregiving is a challenging, yet a deeply meaningful responsibility. It requires patience, strength, and selflessness. As we continue to make strides in cancer treatment, we must acknowledge that the battle against cancer is not fought alone. From scientific research to the unwavering support of loved ones, every contribution matters.

On World Cancer Day, we not only celebrate medical advancements but also honor the silent warriors—family members and caregivers—who stand beside cancer patients through every hurdle. By fostering awareness, supporting research, and ensuring compassionate care, we can make a difference in the lives of those affected by cancer.

Every cancer diagnosis carries a deeply personal journey, woven with grief, pain, strength, and hope. At SUT Hospital, we believe in a care model that goes beyond medicine—one that is centered around empathy, compassion, and understanding. Because true healing comes not just from treatment, but from the love and support that surrounds a patient every step of the way.

Together, we can make a difference.

Col. Rajeev Mannali 

Chief Executive Officer

SUT Hospital, Pattom

 

Does talking openly about reproductive health with a friend or loved one make you uneasy? Have you ever had the chance to have that conversation? Even today, discussions around reproductive health remain taboo in many communities across India, despite their direct impact on the well-being of individuals, families, and future generations. Staying silent doesn’t just lead to misinformation — it leaves those facing challenges feeling isolated and alone. Here’s why speaking up matters and how it can lead to healthier, happier lives.

Stigma Silences Support

One of the most harmful effects of stigma around reproductive health is the isolation it creates. Many people keep their struggles with infertility, menstrual disorders, or hormonal imbalances hidden, fearing judgment or unwanted advice. This silence can take a toll on their emotional, mental, and physical well-being. But here's the truth: it only takes a little courage to break that silence. When people open up, they realize they’re not alone — and that science offers solutions to many of these challenges.

Misinformation Thrives in Silence

When reproductive health is treated as a taboo topic, myths and misconceptions spread unchecked. Beliefs like "infertility is only a woman's issue" or "contraceptives cause permanent infertility" stop people from seeking the right care at the right time. Open, expert-led conversations can debunk these myths and provide people with accurate, science-based information, empowering them to make informed choices about their health.

Early Intervention Saves Lives

Talking about reproductive health encourages people to seek timely medical advice. Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve outcomes. Despite advancements in reproductive healthcare, many women in India still face unmet healthcare needs. For instance, studies show that a significant number of women lack access to fertility-related care, underscoring the need for greater awareness and access to services.

A Path to Stronger Relationships

Talking openly about reproductive health is just as important in relationships as it is in clinics. Conversations about family planning, menstrual health, or fertility treatments can strengthen bonds and foster mutual understanding. Couples often grow closer when they navigate fertility challenges together, learning to support one another through honest communication. Breaking the stigma paves the way for deeper emotional connections and shared decision-making.

How We Can Start the Conversation

Here are some simple ways to start breaking the silence around reproductive health:

Educate Yourself: Learn about reproductive health and share your knowledge with others. Understanding the facts builds confidence to talk about sensitive topics.

Ask, Don’t Assume: If someone shares their story, listen without judgment or giving unsolicited advice. Offer credible information if they seek help.

Normalize Health Check-Ups: Encourage yourself and your loved ones to get regular reproductive health check-ups.

Support Open Dialogue: Advocate for comprehensive reproductive health education in schools and workplaces.

Address Misinformation: In the plethora of information available on the internet, it's crucial to challenge myths and misconceptions. Share accurate, credible knowledge to help others distinguish facts from fiction and build a supportive, informed community.

Start Young: Encourage age-appropriate conversations about reproductive health in schools and colleges. Early education fosters awareness, breaks taboos, and empowers individuals to make informed choices throughout their lives.

A Future Without Stigma

Imagine a world where talking about reproductive health is as normal as chatting about fitness or nutrition. A world where people seek care without fear of judgment, where facts replace myths, and where empathy triumphs over silence.

It starts with us — every conversation we dare to have, every myth we challenge, and every hand we extend to those in need. By doing so, we not only improve individual lives but help create a healthier, more informed, and compassionate society.

Authored By: Dr. Maunica Sorakayalapeta, IVF Specialist, Ferty9 Fertility Center, L.B. Nagar